与鸭共舞

 
  The movie Dances with Wolves is an extremely well written story about a veteran of the civil war who is trying to get on with his life. During the story Lieutenant Dunbar is trying to get past all of the savage actions that he was forced to proceed with during the most terrible war America has ever witnessed. He is shipped out to an abandoned post on the frontier where he is supposed to be fighting the Indians but instead he decides to make friends with them. He decides to be friends with them because he is tired of fighting. In the end he becomes one of the tribe and has a nice wife who was also adopted by the tribe. In the end all he wanted is to live freely and peacefully. This is one of the best written books that I have read in a long time, it keeps the readers interest which can be a very hard task at times.

  The director depicts Dunbar as a strong human character, who despite his surrounding circumstances, has lived productively and organized his week-days. Later he becomes friends with an Indian tribe and soon he finds his love. My favorite part of the movie is the development of the main character, because the audience are gradually introduced to a dynamic, handsome individual with a strong soul. When I watch the movie I learned about the life and traditions of Native Americans.

  The movie illustrates how important it is to change one's identity in order to survive in a different culture. The overall tone of the story is encouraging. This is an honest tale that describes relationships between an American soldier and Native Americans. The Comanche, a Native American tribe, is depicted here as real people. We gain access to the life of the main character through his intimate thoughts and feelings.

  What's most impressive about the film is how realistic it is. The world of the Native Americans comes to elegant life with incredible detail. Moreover, its leisurely pace, the subtitles, the wide-open spaces, the landscapes ... the physical aspects alone of this movie were enough to turn my head completely around. To say nothing of the score, the photography, the writing, the characters, the acting, and Kevin Costner's lovely, skillful, controlled direction.

  Anyway, I like the movie which makes me smile, laugh and sometimes want to cry.

   多年以前,在南宁读书，日子无味。那时民族路有个科技馆，专放获奖的文艺片，闷得可以把整个科技馆的空气全部凝结。某个晚上一个人去，随便选了一部《与狼共舞》，居然看完了。冬日的某一晚，不知道是第几次把这部电影D版DVD放进碟机，慢慢看完。突然间发现，原来我是一个孤独的人，很享受寂寞。

   导演和主演凯文科斯特纳，他是一个有孤独特质的人。片子开始，漫长的战斗中邓巴中尉双腿冻伤，医生没理他，得锯掉。他也没说话，穿上靴子骑上马跑到前沿阵地，在马背上张开双手，听着射向他的子弹啾啾地从脑壳飞过。结果是想死死不了，还振奋了军队士气打了场胜仗。于是成了英雄，军队颁发他荣誉奖章，任由他选地方继续服役。这孤独的邓巴中尉，偏偏就选了最偏远的西部岗哨，在茫茫黄沙中，与印第安人为界。他来到岗哨时，岗哨的人已经解散不知所踪。但他留了下来，要一个人享受这广阔的天地。你看过几段电影里的经典舞蹈？舞王约翰屈伏塔在《周未狂热》？太旧的片子，没看过。阿尔帕西诺在《闻香识女人》有一段不错的探戈？他也太老了吧。张国荣穿白色小褂、短裤在《阿飞正传》里对着家里镜子那一段？只是代表颓废的经典。请你欣赏这么一个片段：夜，一轮弯月，也不知几点，空旷的野地燃一堆篝火。一个没表情的边疆中尉围着火堆跳舞……没有固定的姿势编排……或许只是在动着手转圈、或许是国标或许是土著的……没有音乐没有节奏，反正也没有观众。一匹白狼在不远处友好的观望，虽然眼里闪着绿光。冷。还有比这情景孤独的镜头么？
    以上片段并非不可缺少，因为影片要说的故事，到这里还没有开始。环境铺垫很长，但我却很喜欢以上这些片段，看着看着，那种孤独的味道就集聚在身边，慢慢地、再漫漫地散开在能看到的所有空间。凯文在这段前奏中形体上常常只有一个人，代表着他那种孤独，但内心的寂寞更是表现在整部影片。他一个人代表着美国，骑着马穿行于茫茫黄沙，去印弟安人的营地进行谈判或者可以称为友好接触。马背上插一面美国国旗，高原的风吹来，孤独的旗帜一飘一飘。这已是多部DVD的封面海报。影片最值得一看的是猎杀水牛的场景，在那片广阔的西部高原，猎杀水牛的十几匹印弟安人马加一个美国现役军人，追杀着五六千头水牛，那万牛齐奔的场面，时而昏天暗地，时而迸射耀眼冬日阳光，即使是那么豪放的镜头，那么雄壮的调度，我还是把这些片段称为“掩饰不了的孤独”，因为，看着那片无边黄土，看着那群黑乎乎的牛，看着一个美国人邓巴，看着逐渐失去家园的印弟安人，感觉人类和水牛都是渺小而且孤独。
  《与狼共舞》是凯文科斯特纳孤独的典范，之后的《完美的世界》、《广野牧场》，也是我喜欢的电影。分别还有不同的孤独表现形式。完美的世界中，很多人喜欢的影片的最后这些镜头：他躺在一大片绿绿的草丛中等死。他睁着眼睛，看着蓝天白云，洁白的羽毛缓缓飘散在他的视野上空，缓缓地，一片片落在草地上。死也这么孤独，酷。《广野牧场》里，他干脆成了有思臆症的牧民，当然，这个牧民长得很帅，也玩得一手好枪法。赔大钱的烂片《未来水世界》，他是一位鱼人英雄，一叶机帆独行于茫茫大海，腰里系着一包包泥土。影片里泥土成为最稀有物品，但他去过不少有土地的地方，他用泥土换酒喝。《邮差》里他是一位独来独往的邮差，当然，最后也是英雄。
   挺有思想的张楚唱的：这是一个恋爱的季节，空气里都是情侣的味道，孤独的人是可耻的。生命象鲜花一样绽开，我们不能让自己枯萎，没有选择，我们必须相爱。
   张楚说的很对。然而孤独的我并不是可耻的。因为，电影也是我的情人，我的生命就是我的恋爱季节。最后提一下，那部《与狼共舞》片长180分部，如果你不是孤独的人，建议你不要有看完的念头。

应该说，最初的时候，邓巴中尉是以文明者的形象出现在这片土地上的，他的军装衣料考究，他写日记，他拥有一切文明人都拥有的特质。而那些印第安土著的苏族人则衣不蔽体、身上涂满象征民族图腾的颜料、手拿原始的弓箭，看的时候甚至会暗暗担心这些人会不会是远古的食人族，会把这个孤零零的白人吞的连骨头都不剩。
但人是耐不住寂寞的种群，套用一句哲学的话来讲——人具备社会的属性，哪怕这个“社会”仅仅是一个印第安的部落。草原的生活让邓巴首先结识了一头狼，而正是与这头狼的接触使得印第安的苏族人开始认可他的存在，并由此诞生了他的印第安名字——与狼共舞，这个名字同时还是这部电影的片名以及主题。印第安苏族的野蛮形象也在邓巴的融入中一点点淡化，这群人热爱自然、热爱自己生活的家园、相互依赖、相互信任，构成的事一个和谐自然的大家庭。这是邓巴从未接触和感受过的，他一步步走进这个家庭，成为这个家庭的一份子。
所以，当有外敌入侵的时候，邓巴义不容辞的拿出了文明社会文明进步的标志——枪，这些枪帮助苏族人取得胜利的同时，苏族的单纯与原始开始不复存在。
下一步就显得那么理所当然，白人的军队开始进驻这片土地，这些接受过文明教育的人在一开始就用武力对待他们的同胞，仅仅是因为邓巴的穿着打扮是印第安土著的打扮。他们对他拳脚相加，他们把他的日记一页页撕开当做厕纸，他们向“两只白袜”开枪，不是为了衣食，仅仅是为了找乐子狂欢。当他们被印第安人全部收拾掉的时候，你会觉得他们是那么活该，那么罪有应得。
可是，一个无可挽回的悖谬就这样出现了。表面上，印第安的一个孩子干掉了一个美国士兵，而事实上，这个孩子却因为杀掉一个人而变成了白人文明侵蚀掉的第一个受害者。
当白人的枪声在这片土地上响起的时候，印第安文明注定会伴随着这一声枪响烟消云散。影片的结尾用字母向我们揭示：十三年后，他们的家园毁了，野牛群也消失了。在内布拉斯加州罗宾逊堡，最后一群苏族人归顺了白人，伟大的平原马背文明消失，美国边疆成为历史。
看到这，真的很难说清，究竟谁是代表了野蛮，谁又代表了文明。看似文明的白人却在暴力血腥的对待着自己的同胞，对待草原上的生灵；而看似野蛮的印第安土著反而明白对自然的索取不能过量，明白要爱护自己极爱那个中的每一个成员。但是那个时代一去不复返了，印第安的混血后裔今天活跃在美国影坛，主演世界闻名的爱情魔幻电影《暮光之城》，不知道当他被问到这段历史的时候，会作何感想。
自由宣言的火炬下，那些土著的文明，包括印第安、也包括墨西哥，他们的贡献功不可没。不知道美国电影学会将这部电影评为奥斯卡最佳影片的时候，是不是想向那些被野蛮侵占的文明表达一丝微弱的悔恨与歉意。

看了《与狼共舞》之后不知道是什么滋味，想哭哭不出来，大概这就是所谓的复杂吧。

　　电影里有许多东西是美好的。电影的第一部分便向我们证明了人与人之间、人与动物之间、人与自然之间要做到“融合”，并非十分艰难的事情。

　　想到曾经谈到某种特异功能：只要心里想着什么，对方便知道了。主持人随后解释：这样的能力在人类还不会用语言交流的时候便存在了，并且这是非常重要的一种交流的能力。但是这种能力在出现了语言之后便消失了。突然之间觉得异常感动。《与狼共舞》所说的融合，就是这样的融合。人与人之间语言不通，但是他们的心灵相通。人与动物，人与自然之间亦是如此。这实在是一派美好的景象。

　　而现实是残酷的。这句话实在不假。不断的战争，无休止的掠夺，流不完的鲜血摆明了那样的美好景象只不过是一个梦境。在世界存在的某一天起，一种情感油然而生——仇恨。人们对仇恨如此牢记在心，日积月累，一代传一代。后来的人们对仇恨如此盲从，如此笃定，硬是认为这是合乎所以的，没有道理可循的。仇恨越来越大，像乌云一样笼罩天空，无处不在。

　　为什么呢？为什么现实注定是残酷的，美丽的梦境注定只是一个梦境呢？因为世间充满了仇恨。可是又为什么充满世界的是仇恨而不是宽容、理解、关爱、照顾呢？ 我想，是因为欲望。

记得一个纪录片中所说的，原子弹的威力极为强大，而原理却极其简单。仅仅只需靠两个普通的大学生和几本基本原理书就能自制一颗危害力极强的原子弹。“人类终于制造出毁灭自我的武器。”为什么往往丑恶的东西更容易得到，而美好的东西却似乎极难呢？我想这也许是上帝考验人类的手段，又或者这恰好证明了人类的丑陋——如果人类把花在发明原子弹的时间和精力花在环境保护和人文关怀上，这个世界又会美好多少呢？可是，到底为什么人类总是要做这样的自取其辱、自寻毁灭的事情呢？我想，还是因为人类无可遏制的欲望。

　　是欲望，让我们的行为动词中出现了抢夺、侮辱、残害、欺骗……是欲望，让我们的情感世界中出现了仇恨、嫉妒、冷漠、虚荣……是欲望，让我们的发展过程中充斥着战争、武器、暴力、不和谐……是欲望。一切一切的丑恶归根结底是欲望。

　　何时人们才懂得欲望是毁灭人类的根源，何时人们才懂得遏制欲望呢？影片快结束时，印第安人高呼着：“你能永远把我当成你的朋友嘛？”我们的白人主人公紧紧促着眉头，始终没有回答——《与狼共舞》没有给我们答案。之后，一匹狼站在山顶，高高地仰起头深深地竭力地悲鸣——它也渴望着这个答案——但是没有人能够回答。

　　影片的最后留给我们一段话：

　　Thirteen years later, their homes destroyed, their buffalos gone, the last band of free Sioux submitted to white authority at Fort Robinson, Nebraska. The great horse culture of the plains was gone and the American frontier was soon to pass into history.

　　伟大的、文明的、武器先进的白人最终取得了胜利，他们终于毁了印第安人的家园，不留给他们哪怕一寸土地，甚至剥夺了他们的生命。

　　我以为二战当中的排犹运动无时无刻不在我们的脑海中敲响警钟，而事实是，这样的事情每天都在发生。

when you come across the term “a native American”, I just wonder, what kind of image will you form in your mind? Feather headdresses, exposed chest, a spear in his hand. And what kind of cognition will you have? cruel, bloody, primitive, animal, beast.
Well, I have to admit that I used to depict American Indians in that way. But I have overcome these biases and corrected my opinion about the aboriginals and the white since I watched the film dance with wolves.

Dances with wolves, directed and starred by Kevin Costner, is a 1990 epic film which is set in US civil war in the mid-19 century. A United States Lieutenant John Dunbar travels to the American Frontier to find a military post. There he is supposed to fight against the Indians whereas he tries to make friends with them because of loneliness and tiredness of battle. They visit each other once in a while and their communication is quite difficult because of language barrier. Later, with the help of a white woman who is taken by the Sioux tribe as a young orphan, Dunbar establishes a rapport with the tribe’s medicine man called kicking bird. As he stays with these Indians, he finds himself drawn to the lifestyle and customs of the tribe. So he helps them locate a migrating herd of buffalo and defends the settlement against a Pawnee raiding party, which eventually makes him a hero and accepted as a full member of the tribe with a new name, dance with wolves. Peaceful life ends when the white men appear on the prairie. Dunbar is arrested by the reinforcing army troops as a deserter and later rescued by warriors from the tribe. At the end of the story, Dunbar decides to leave the tribe with his wife, in order to protect the rest and find a resolution to the white-Indian conflict.

The story itself is a touching one, but it’s not the most impressive part of the film to me. It is the depiction of the tribe, the representation of the aboriginal culture and the comparison between the white men’ behavior and the Indians’ one that leave a deep impression on me. Viewing from the director’s perspective, the Indian tribe was not as primitive as we thought, and the Native Americans were not as cruel and stupid as we learned from textbooks. They had their own culture, unique but not that inferior. They had their own ethic, exotic but harmless. Just as dance with wolves himself said in the film: “I have never known people so eager to laugh, so devoted to family, so dedicated to each other. And the only word came to mind was harmony.” Ironically, whenever and wherever the acknowledged civilized and educated white men appear, there are always wars, battles, lies and conflicts, either at the beginning of the film or the end of the story. The director’s brave and honest presentation of the racial conflict backs us to question: whether different cultures can be equally valuable? Even if not, is it humanitarian to slaughter in the name of progress?

It entertains. It educates. It provokes and persuades, moves and motivates. That’s the attraction of Dance with wolves.

这部片子.是哪年看的.我已经忘记了.
太久之前的记忆了.

但这部片子对我来说意义非凡.

以至于我第一个网名就是片名。
然后一用就是3年.后来这个片名越来越泛滥之后.
我也被认定成了一个庸俗的人.
但是否庸俗.别人的想法永远与我无关.


这部片子我看了大概7,8遍吧.
比<重庆森林>看的次数还多.


其中的原因就不说了.

其实大多数时候.我觉得看电影。也是只可意会不可言传的一件事.